The invention of net zero: Best ideas of the century

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Net zero wasn’t always the target – the consensus used to be that we could continue releasing greenhouse gases and maintain global temperatures. How did that change? In 2005, physicists David Frame and Myles Allen were on their way to a scientific conference in Exeter, UK, and had been, in Frame’s words, “fiddling about” with a climate model to prepare for their presentation. At the time, most research focused on stabilising the number of greenhouse gas molecules in the atmosphere to prevent dangerous climate change. But scientists were struggling to figure out how much the world would warm at a fixed level of greenhouse gas concentration. Frame and Allen turned the problem on its head. Rather than focusing on atmospheric concentrations, they turned to emissions. What if humanity shut off human-caused carbon dioxide emissions? The duo tested the idea out on their climate model
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