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Кураторы Музея естественной истории присматриваются к любым экземплярам, собранным профессором Дарвином, которые до сих пор вносят вклад в научные исследования. Фото: © Попечители Музея естественной истории, Лондон. Ученые обнаружили способ первоначального развития Чарльза Дарвина во время его знаменитого путешествия HMS Beagle (1831–1836) на Галапагосских островах. Еще более примечательно то, что им удалось создать образцы, не открывая почти 200-летние банки, в которых они хранились. Изучение исторических образцов Дарвина Исследование было сосредоточено на 46 исторических экземплярах, хранящихся в Музее естественной истории в Лондоне. В их число входили млекопитающие, рептилии, рыбы, медузы и креветки, собранные Дарвином и другими натуралистами во время первых научных экспедиций. Анализ показал, что методы сохранения существуют в зависимости от типа организма, так и от периода времени, в течение которого образец хранился. Например, млекопитающих и рептилий перед помещением в этанол часто обрабатывают формалином. Однако для консервации беспозвоночных используют жидкости более широкого спектра, включая формалин, буферные
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Сканирование раздробленного черепа со средней степенью тяжести обнаруживает неожиданную связь с окаменелостями Восточной Африки Оригинальный череп (слева), цифровой сканер (в центре) и реконструированное лицо Маленькой Ноги позволяют поближе взглянуть на этого загадочного древнего родственника человека. Прочитайте эту статью Это история, написанная человеком и озвученная ИИ. Есть отзывы? Пройдите наш опрос. (см. нашу политику в отношении II здесь.) Ученые наконец встретились лицом к лицу с древним предком человека по имени Литл Фут. Новая цифровая раскрытие раскрывает одного из наших старых родственников человека, сообщает исследователям 2 марта в журнале __GTAG0__ Comptes Rendus Palevol . Реконструкция предлагает шаг к лучшему пониманию человечества. Little Foot — представитель рода австралопитеков , известных предковой группы нашего собственного рода Homo . Маленькие кости стопы скел
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Daily aspirin isn’t a guaranteed cancer guard — and it comes with real risks from day one. Aspirin may not be the simple cancer shield many hoped for. While possible benefits are uncertain and slow to emerge, the risk of serious bleeding starts immediately. Credit: Shutterstock Taking aspirin every day is not a fast or dependable way to prevent bowel cancer for most people, according to a new Cochrane review. The analysis also highlights a clear downside. Regular aspirin use increases the risk of serious bleeding right away. Bowel cancer, also called colorectal cancer, ranks among the most common cancers worldwide. Prevention usually focuses on healthy lifestyle choices and routine screening tests. In recent years, scientists have investigated whether widely available medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), might help lower the risk. NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and aspirin are commonly used to treat pain, inflammation, and fever. But whether these drugs can prevent colorectal cancer before it develops remains unclear and widely debated. To b
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Most coastal risk assessments have underestimated current sea levels, meaning tens of millions of people face losing their homes to rising waters earlier than expected Almost all research on the impacts of future sea-level rise has assumed today’s sea levels are lower than they actually are due to a “methodological blind spot”. That means flooding and erosion will happen sooner than expected. Katharina Seeger and Philip Minderhoud, both at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, analysed 385 peer-reviewed studies on coastal vulnerability and found that 90 per cent failed to consider the effects of ocean currents, tides, temperature, salinity and winds on sea level. As a result, they underestimated the water level at the coast by an average of 24 to 27 centimetres. Once corrected, the number of people whose homes will be underwater by 2100 could increase by up to 68 per cent
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For rescued slow lorises, returning to the wild can be a deadly gamble. Nishat, one of the two Bengal slow lorises (Nycticebus bengalensis) to survive being released. Credit: Marcel Stawinoga A new scientific study suggests that returning rescued wildlife to natural habitats does not always end in success. In some situations, animals released after time in captivity face serious risks, and the wild can become what researchers describe as a "death trap." The findings appear in the journal Global Ecology and Conservation. The research was carried out by primatologist Professor Anna Nekaris OBE of Anglia Ruskin University along with collaborators from the conservation group Plumploris e.V. and the University of Western Australia. Their work examined the fate of Bengal slow lorises (Nycticebus bengalensis) that were released in Bangladesh. Slow Lorises and the Illegal Pet Trade Slow lorises are known for their large eyes and gentle looking faces, features that have unfortunately made them popular in the illegal wildlife trade. Because of this demand, they rank
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MRI scans reveal normal, age-related changes in people’s shoulders Nearly all adults older than 40 have some sort of rotator cuff abnormality that’s visible via MRI. That’s just normal aging, a new study suggests. After age 40, we may all have busted-looking shoulders. But that doesn’t mean anything is wrong. In a study of hundreds of people, MRI images showed that nearly every person scanned had frayed, torn or otherwise abnormal rotator cuff tendons, researchers report February 16 in JAMA Internal Medicine. Those abnormalities didn’t automatically signify problems or a need for surgery, though — they showed up in people with or without symptoms. One take-home message is that MRIs aren’t so useful for diagnosing shoulder pain, says Brian Feeley, an orthopedic surgeon at the University of California, San Francisco who wasn’t involved with the work. Instead, the imaging test reveals a bigger picture about aging: When it comes to the structure of our skeletons and all the tendons and tissues that support it, he says, our bodies look different as
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A super-tough microbe survived Mars-level impact forces, hinting that life might leap from planet to planet. By simulating the crushing shock of a Mars asteroid impact, researchers found that a hardy bacterium can survive extreme ejection pressures. The discovery strengthens the idea that life could travel between planets inside impact debris. Credit: AI/ScienceDaily.com The extremophile bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans can survive the pressures developed during ejection from Mars as a result of massive asteroid impact. Craters on the Moon and Mars show how frequently bodies in our solar system are hit by incoming material, and impacts are an important process in planetary history. Lily Zhao, K. T. Ramesh, and colleagues simulated the conditions under which a microbe might be hurled into space by the force of an impact, subjecting Deinococcus radiodurans to pressures of up to 3 GPa (30,000 times atmospheric pressure) by putting the cells between two steel plates and then hitting that steel sandwich with a third plate. Previous work has shown that the hardy microbe can
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